Reloading your own 12-gauge ammunition can be a rewarding and cost-effective hobby, offering greater control over your ammunition's quality and performance. However, choosing the right 12 gauge hand reloading kit requires careful consideration. This guide provides a comprehensive overview to help you navigate the process, from selecting your kit to mastering the techniques.
Understanding the Components of a 12 Gauge Reloading Kit
A complete 12 gauge hand reloading kit typically includes several essential components:
1. Reloading Press:
This is the heart of your reloading setup. There are three main types:
- Single-stage presses: Ideal for beginners, these presses perform one operation at a time (e.g., sizing, priming, powder charging, bullet seating). They are slower but offer more control.
- Progressive presses: These presses automate multiple steps in a single cycle, significantly increasing reloading speed. However, they have a steeper learning curve.
- Turret presses: These offer a compromise between single-stage and progressive presses, providing moderate speed and relative ease of use.
2. Dies:
Dies are crucial for shaping and sizing the cartridge cases. You'll need a set of dies specific to 12 gauge shells, typically including:
- Sizing die: Resizes the spent cartridge case to its original dimensions.
- Powder die: Measures and dispenses the correct amount of gunpowder.
- Bullet seating die: Seats the bullet firmly into the case.
- Crimping die: Seals the shell's mouth, securing the bullet.
3. Powder Measure:
Accurate powder measurement is paramount for safety and consistent performance. Choose a powder measure that is compatible with your press and provides precise metering.
4. Primer Seating Tool:
This tool seats primers into the cartridge cases. Some presses incorporate a built-in primer seating system, while others require a separate tool.
5. Case Preparation Tools:
Before reloading, spent cases require cleaning and preparation. This may include:
- Case trimmer: Trims the case length to a uniform size.
- Case tumbler: Cleans and polishes spent cases.
Choosing the Right 12 Gauge Hand Reloading Kit: Factors to Consider
Your choice of kit will depend on several factors:
- Experience level: Beginners should opt for a single-stage press kit, while experienced reloaders might prefer progressive or turret presses.
- Budget: Kits range significantly in price, from entry-level options to high-end, feature-rich systems.
- Volume of reloading: If you plan to reload a large number of shells, a progressive press is more efficient. For occasional reloading, a single-stage press is sufficient.
- Ammunition type: Consider the types of 12-gauge ammunition you plan to reload (e.g., slugs, buckshot, birdshot). This influences the required dies and components.
Safety Precautions for 12 Gauge Hand Reloading
Safety should always be the top priority when handloading ammunition. Follow these crucial guidelines:
- Read and understand the instructions: Carefully study the manuals for your reloading press and components.
- Wear safety glasses: Protect your eyes from flying debris.
- Work in a well-ventilated area: Gunpowder fumes can be harmful.
- Never overload cartridges: Use a scale to accurately measure powder charges.
- Store ammunition properly: Keep your reloaded ammunition in a cool, dry place away from ignition sources.
Beyond the Kit: Essential Tools and Supplies
In addition to the kit itself, you'll need other tools and supplies:
- Scale: An accurate scale is vital for measuring powder charges.
- Case gauge: Checks the dimensions of the reloaded cartridges to ensure they meet specifications.
- Bullet puller: Removes bullets from cartridges if necessary.
- Lubricant: Reduces friction during sizing and improves case life.
- 12 Gauge shot shells: Choose high-quality, once-fired hulls for optimal results.
- Gunpowder: Select a powder suitable for your intended ammunition type.
- Bullets or shot: Choose appropriate bullets or shot based on your intended use.
- Primers: Select primers compatible with your press and chosen ammunition type.
By carefully selecting your 12 gauge hand reloading kit and adhering to safety protocols, you can enjoy the benefits of crafting your own high-quality ammunition. Remember, thorough research and careful attention to detail are key to successful and safe reloading.
