Disassembling an AR-15 rifle is a crucial skill for any responsible owner. Regular cleaning and maintenance are essential for ensuring the firearm's reliability and safety. This guide provides a step-by-step walkthrough, covering both field stripping (basic disassembly) and complete disassembly. Always ensure the firearm is unloaded and the safety is engaged before beginning any disassembly. Improper handling can lead to injury or damage.
Field Stripping Your AR-15: The Basics
Field stripping is the process of taking the AR-15 down to its major components for cleaning and lubrication. This is the level of disassembly most users will need for routine maintenance.
Tools Required: None, although a nylon cleaning brush can be helpful.
Steps:
-
Ensure the firearm is unloaded: Visually inspect the chamber and magazine well to confirm the absence of ammunition.
-
Push the bolt catch: Located on the lower receiver, press the bolt catch to release the bolt carrier group (BCG). The BCG will slide to the rear.
-
Remove the Charging Handle: Pull the charging handle rearward and remove it from the upper receiver.
-
Remove the Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): Carefully grasp the BCG and remove it from the upper receiver.
-
Separate the Upper and Lower Receivers: Align the takedown pins (located on the sides of the lower receiver) with the takedown pin holes. Use your fingers or a punch to push the pins out. Separate the upper and lower receivers.
That's it for field stripping! You can now clean and lubricate the individual components.
Complete Disassembly of an AR-15: A Deeper Dive
Complete disassembly goes further than field stripping, allowing for more thorough cleaning and inspection. This is typically only necessary less frequently or if a specific part requires attention. Proceed with caution and refer to your firearm's manual for specific instructions.
Tools Required: Punches (or similar tools) for removing pins.
Steps (Building on the Field Stripping Steps):
-
Disassemble the Bolt Carrier Group (BCG):
- Remove the Cam Pin: This pin is located in the bolt carrier. Use a punch to drive it out.
- Separate the Bolt and Bolt Carrier: Once the cam pin is removed, the bolt and carrier should separate.
-
Inspect the BCG Components: Carefully inspect all components for damage or wear.
Reassembly:
Reassembly is essentially the reverse of disassembly. Make sure all components are clean and properly lubricated before reassembling. Pay close attention to the proper orientation of parts, especially the bolt and bolt carrier.
Important Considerations:
- Safety: Always prioritize safety. Double-check that the firearm is unloaded before beginning any disassembly.
- Manual: Refer to your AR-15's owner's manual for specific instructions and diagrams. This guide serves as a general overview, and variations may exist between different models.
- Professional Help: If you are uncomfortable with any step of the process, seek assistance from a qualified gunsmith.
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of how to disassemble an AR-15. Remember to always prioritize safety and consult your firearm's manual for model-specific instructions. Responsible gun ownership includes proper maintenance and safe handling practices. Improper disassembly or reassembly can cause malfunctions or damage. Seek professional help if needed.
